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Abstract
Parasitological examination of three species of marine fishes: Blackspot snapper Lutjanus ehrenbergii (Peters), Dory snapper L. fulviflamma (Forsskål) and L. indicus Allen, White & Erdmann (all Lutjanidae, Snappers); caught from Iraqi marine waters, Arabian Gulf during 2024. All these fishes are harboured the same dactylogyrid monogenoid which identified as Euryhaliotrema seyi Kritsky, 2012. Lutjanus ehrenbergii and L. fulviflamma also harboured Euryhaliotrema cardinale Kritsky & Justine in Kritsky, 2012 which considered this record in a new geographical area (Arabian Gulf). The illustrations of whole mount specimens for E. cardinale and E. seyi are given for the first time. This report represents the second work on monogenoids from lutjanid fishes in Iraq.
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References
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- Al-Darwesh, A. A. R., Ali, A. H., & Saud, H. A. (2022a). First record of two diplectanid monogenoids from three sparid fishes in Iraqi marine waters. Bulletin of the Iraqi Natural History Museum, 17, 203–218. https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7. 2022.17.2.0203
- Al-Darwesh, A. A. R., Ali, A. H., & Saud, H. A. (2022b). First record of Calydiscoides difficilis (Yamaguti, 1953) Young, 1969 (Monogenoidea, Polyonchoinea, Diplectaniade) on gills of three fish species off marine waters of Iraq. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 35, 281–290. https://doi.org/10.37077/25200 860.2022.35.2.21
- Al-Darwesh, A. A. R., Ali, A. H., & Saud, H. A. (2025). First record of three dactylogyrid monogenoides from gills of shoemaker spinefoot Siganus sutor (Valenciennes) (Acanthuriformes: Siganidae) in Marine Waters of Iraq. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 38(Special Issue), In Press.
- Al-Hajjaj, J. A. K. M. (2021). [Taxonomical study of endohelminth parasites in some fishes from Iraqi territorisl marine waters]. M. Sc. Thesis, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, 162pp. (In Arabic with an English abstract).
- Ali, A. H., & Mizher, J. A. (2023). Occurrence of Hysterothylacium species (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) from some marine fishes from Iraqi waters. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 36(2), 121-133. https://doi.org/10.37077/25200860.2023.36.2.10
- Ali, A. H., Adday T. K., & Khamees, N. R. (2018). Catalogue of marine fishes of Iraq. Biological and Applied Environmental Research, 2(2), 298-368. https://un.uobasrah.edu.iq/papers/10391.pdf
- Al-Faisal, A. J., & Mutlak, F. M. (2018). Survey of the marine fishes in Iraq. Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum, 15(2), 163-177. http://dx.doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2018.15.2.0163
- Carpenter, K. E., Krupp, F., Jones, D. A., & Zajonz, U. (1997). The living marine resources of Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes, FAO, Rome: viii +293 pp. + XVII pls. http://www.fao.org/3/v8729e/v8729e00.htm
- Fazaa, H. A., Moravec, F., Ali, A. H., & Saud, H. A. (2023). Two new species of Dichelyne Jägerskiöld, 1902 (Nematoda: Cucullanidae) parasitising marine fishes in Iraq. Systematic Parasitology, 100(6), 579–590. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-023-10107-2
- Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Fong, J. D. (2025a). SPECIES BY FAMILY/SUBFAMILY. (http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/SpeciesByFamily.asp). Electronic version accessed 5 March 2025.
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- Froese, R. & Pauly, D. Eds. (2025). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, version 4/2025. https://www.fishbase.org/
- Humason, G. L. (1979). Animal Tissue Techniques. 4th ed. W. H. Freeman and company, San Francisco, California, 661pp.
- Kritsky, D. C. (2012). Dactylogyrids (Monogenoidea: Polyonchoinea) parasitizing the gills of snappers (Perciformes: Lutjanidae): revision of Euryhaliotrema with new and previously described species from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, the eastern and Indo-west Pacific Ocean, and the Gulf of Mexico. Zoologia, 29(3), 227–276. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702012000300006
- Kritsky, D. C., & Boeger, W. A. (2002). Neotropical Monogenoidea. 41: New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes) from the gills of marine and freshwater perciform fishes (Teleostei) with proposal of a new genus and a hypothesis on phylogeny. Zoosystema, 24(1), 7-40. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Neotropical-Monogenoidea.-41%3A-New-and-previously-of-Kritsky-Boeger/113c133418fa11fdc624b4b8c2a2ef1166d167fc
- Kritsky, D., Al-Darwesh, A. A., & Ali, A. H. (2024). Taxonomic status of Diplectanum robustitubum Wu & Li, 2003 (Monogenoidea: Diplectanidae) from the purple spotted bigeye Priacanthus tayenus (Priacanthidae) and the description of Platycephalotrema parile n. sp. (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae) from the bartail flathead Platycephalus indicus (Platycephalidae), in the Arabian Gulf. Acta Parasitologica, 69, 1295-1303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-024-00849-4
- Kritsky, D. C., Khamees, N. R., & Ali, A. H. (2013). Ligophorus spp. (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae) parasitizing mullets (Teleostei: Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) occurring in the fresh and brackish waters of the Shatt Al-Arab River and Estuary in southern Iraq, with the description of Ligophorus sagmarius sp. n. from the greenback mullet Chelon subviridis (Valenciennes). Parasitology Research, 112, 4029-4041. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3594-x
- Kritsky, D. C., Leiby, P. D., & Kayton, R. J. (1978). A rapid stain technique for the haptoral bars of Gyrodactylus species (Monogenea). Journal of Parasitology, 64, 172-174. https://doi.org/10.2307/3279642
- Kritsky, D. C., Yang, T., & Sun, Y. (2009). Dactylogyrids (Monogenoidea, Polyonchoinea) parasitizing the gills of snappers (Perciformes, Lutjanidae): Proposal of Haliotrematoides n. gen. and descriptions of new and previously described species from marine fishes of the Red Sea, the eastern and Indo-west Pacific Ocean, Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Zootaxa, 1970, 1-51. Https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1970.1.1
- Li, H.-Y. (2006). [One new species the genus Euryhaliotrema (Monogenea, Ancyrocephalidae)]. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 31, 317-320.
- Mhaisen, F. T., Ali, A. H., & Khamees, N. R. (2018). Marine fish parasitology of Iraq: A review and checklists. Biological Applied Environmental Research, 2(2), 231-297.
- Moravec, F., Mizher, J. A., & Ali, H. A. (2021). Records of two gonad-infecting species of Philometra (Nematoda: Philometridae) from marine fishes off Iraq, including the description of Philometra parabrevicollis n. sp. from the bigeye snapper Lutjanus lutjanus Bloch (Pisces, Lutjanidae). Systematic Parasitology, 98, 443–453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-021-09988-y
- Nelson, J. S., Grande, T. C., & Wilson, M. V. H. (2016). Fishes of the World. 5th Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken: 752pp. http://doi.org/10.1002/9781119174844 Palm, H. W. (2004). The Trypanorhyncha Diesing, 1863. PKSPL-IPB Press, Bogor, Jakarta, ix+705pp. https://www.nhbs.com/the-trypanorhyncha-diesing-1863-book
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References
Al-Darwesh, AAR (2023). [Morphological study of some Monogenoidea parasitic on gills of some Iraqi marine fishes with a genetic study of the genus Platycephalotrema]. Ph. D. Thesis, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, 224pp. (In Arabic with English abstract)
Al-Darwesh, A. A. R., Ali, A. H., & Saud, H. A. (2022a). First record of two diplectanid monogenoids from three sparid fishes in Iraqi marine waters. Bulletin of the Iraqi Natural History Museum, 17, 203–218. https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7. 2022.17.2.0203
Al-Darwesh, A. A. R., Ali, A. H., & Saud, H. A. (2022b). First record of Calydiscoides difficilis (Yamaguti, 1953) Young, 1969 (Monogenoidea, Polyonchoinea, Diplectaniade) on gills of three fish species off marine waters of Iraq. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 35, 281–290. https://doi.org/10.37077/25200 860.2022.35.2.21
Al-Darwesh, A. A. R., Ali, A. H., & Saud, H. A. (2025). First record of three dactylogyrid monogenoides from gills of shoemaker spinefoot Siganus sutor (Valenciennes) (Acanthuriformes: Siganidae) in Marine Waters of Iraq. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 38(Special Issue), In Press.
Al-Hajjaj, J. A. K. M. (2021). [Taxonomical study of endohelminth parasites in some fishes from Iraqi territorisl marine waters]. M. Sc. Thesis, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, 162pp. (In Arabic with an English abstract).
Ali, A. H., & Mizher, J. A. (2023). Occurrence of Hysterothylacium species (Nematoda: Raphidascarididae) from some marine fishes from Iraqi waters. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 36(2), 121-133. https://doi.org/10.37077/25200860.2023.36.2.10
Ali, A. H., Adday T. K., & Khamees, N. R. (2018). Catalogue of marine fishes of Iraq. Biological and Applied Environmental Research, 2(2), 298-368. https://un.uobasrah.edu.iq/papers/10391.pdf
Al-Faisal, A. J., & Mutlak, F. M. (2018). Survey of the marine fishes in Iraq. Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum, 15(2), 163-177. http://dx.doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2018.15.2.0163
Carpenter, K. E., Krupp, F., Jones, D. A., & Zajonz, U. (1997). The living marine resources of Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes, FAO, Rome: viii +293 pp. + XVII pls. http://www.fao.org/3/v8729e/v8729e00.htm
Fazaa, H. A., Moravec, F., Ali, A. H., & Saud, H. A. (2023). Two new species of Dichelyne Jägerskiöld, 1902 (Nematoda: Cucullanidae) parasitising marine fishes in Iraq. Systematic Parasitology, 100(6), 579–590. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-023-10107-2
Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Fong, J. D. (2025a). SPECIES BY FAMILY/SUBFAMILY. (http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/SpeciesByFamily.asp). Electronic version accessed 5 March 2025.
Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N., & Van der Laan, R. (Editors). (2025b). Eschmeyr's catalog of fishes: genera, species, references. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.as). Electronic version accessed 5 March 2025.
Froese, R. & Pauly, D. Eds. (2025). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, version 4/2025. https://www.fishbase.org/
Humason, G. L. (1979). Animal Tissue Techniques. 4th ed. W. H. Freeman and company, San Francisco, California, 661pp.
Kritsky, D. C. (2012). Dactylogyrids (Monogenoidea: Polyonchoinea) parasitizing the gills of snappers (Perciformes: Lutjanidae): revision of Euryhaliotrema with new and previously described species from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, the eastern and Indo-west Pacific Ocean, and the Gulf of Mexico. Zoologia, 29(3), 227–276. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702012000300006
Kritsky, D. C., & Boeger, W. A. (2002). Neotropical Monogenoidea. 41: New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes) from the gills of marine and freshwater perciform fishes (Teleostei) with proposal of a new genus and a hypothesis on phylogeny. Zoosystema, 24(1), 7-40. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Neotropical-Monogenoidea.-41%3A-New-and-previously-of-Kritsky-Boeger/113c133418fa11fdc624b4b8c2a2ef1166d167fc
Kritsky, D., Al-Darwesh, A. A., & Ali, A. H. (2024). Taxonomic status of Diplectanum robustitubum Wu & Li, 2003 (Monogenoidea: Diplectanidae) from the purple spotted bigeye Priacanthus tayenus (Priacanthidae) and the description of Platycephalotrema parile n. sp. (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae) from the bartail flathead Platycephalus indicus (Platycephalidae), in the Arabian Gulf. Acta Parasitologica, 69, 1295-1303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-024-00849-4
Kritsky, D. C., Khamees, N. R., & Ali, A. H. (2013). Ligophorus spp. (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridae) parasitizing mullets (Teleostei: Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) occurring in the fresh and brackish waters of the Shatt Al-Arab River and Estuary in southern Iraq, with the description of Ligophorus sagmarius sp. n. from the greenback mullet Chelon subviridis (Valenciennes). Parasitology Research, 112, 4029-4041. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3594-x
Kritsky, D. C., Leiby, P. D., & Kayton, R. J. (1978). A rapid stain technique for the haptoral bars of Gyrodactylus species (Monogenea). Journal of Parasitology, 64, 172-174. https://doi.org/10.2307/3279642
Kritsky, D. C., Yang, T., & Sun, Y. (2009). Dactylogyrids (Monogenoidea, Polyonchoinea) parasitizing the gills of snappers (Perciformes, Lutjanidae): Proposal of Haliotrematoides n. gen. and descriptions of new and previously described species from marine fishes of the Red Sea, the eastern and Indo-west Pacific Ocean, Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. Zootaxa, 1970, 1-51. Https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1970.1.1
Li, H.-Y. (2006). [One new species the genus Euryhaliotrema (Monogenea, Ancyrocephalidae)]. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 31, 317-320.
Mhaisen, F. T., Ali, A. H., & Khamees, N. R. (2018). Marine fish parasitology of Iraq: A review and checklists. Biological Applied Environmental Research, 2(2), 231-297.
Moravec, F., Mizher, J. A., & Ali, H. A. (2021). Records of two gonad-infecting species of Philometra (Nematoda: Philometridae) from marine fishes off Iraq, including the description of Philometra parabrevicollis n. sp. from the bigeye snapper Lutjanus lutjanus Bloch (Pisces, Lutjanidae). Systematic Parasitology, 98, 443–453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-021-09988-y
Nelson, J. S., Grande, T. C., & Wilson, M. V. H. (2016). Fishes of the World. 5th Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken: 752pp. http://doi.org/10.1002/9781119174844 Palm, H. W. (2004). The Trypanorhyncha Diesing, 1863. PKSPL-IPB Press, Bogor, Jakarta, ix+705pp. https://www.nhbs.com/the-trypanorhyncha-diesing-1863-book
WoRMS (2025). Euryhaliotrema Kritsky & Boeger, 2002. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=391570 on 2025-03-15