Article Sidebar

Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 277 Download : 87

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

A parasitological examination of two species of lethrinid fishes; Pink ear emperor Lethrinus lentjan, Spangled emperor L. nebulosus and Areolate grouper Epinephelus areolatus caught in Iraqi marine territorial waters from January to December 2020, revealed that the gills of the fishes were infected with deiplectanid monogenoid, which is identified as Calydiscoides difficilis (Yamaguti, 1953) Young, 1969. This study redescribed the parasite and for the first time described the egg and confirmed that the species has a wide range of dimension resulting from intraspecific variations. The measurements of hard and soft parts of the parasite collected from L. lentjan are smaller than those from L. nebulosus. In addition, the measurements from E. areolatus are close to that from L. lentjan or intermediate between L. nebulosus and L. lentjan. The past record of C. difficilis from L. harak is discussed and hence L. nebulosus and L. lentjan are considered as new records to the Arabian Gulf. Dimensions of the eggs of the parasite in the current study is given here for the first time. The occurrence of C. difficilis from Epinephelidae is considered as a new host family record.

Keywords

Ectoparasite Epinephelus areolatus Fish Gills Lethrinus lentjan Lethrinus nebulosus

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Al-Darwesh, A. A. R. ., Ali, A. H. ., & Saud, H. A. . (2022). First Record of Calydiscoides difficilis (Yamaguti, 1953) Young, 1969 (Monogenoidea, Polyonchoinea, Diplectaniade) on Gills of Three Fish species off Marine Waters of Iraq. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 35(2), 281–290. https://doi.org/10.37077/25200860.2022.35.2.21
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. Al-Daraji, S. A. M., Salim, Y. A. K., & Jori, M. M. (2002). Observations on the parasites of brown-spoted (sic) grouper (Epinephelus tauvina Forrskål) (sic) from Khor Abdullah, Arabian Gulf, Iraq. I: Digenetic trematodes, Basrah Journal of Sciences, B, 20(1), 63-72.
  2. Al-Hajajj, J. A. -K. M. (2021). Taxonomical study of endohelminth parasites in some Fishes from Iraqi territorisl marine waters. M. Sc. Thesis, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, 162pp. (In Arabic, English abstract).
  3. Ali, A. H. (2008). Taxonomy of helminth parasites in some marine and freshwater fishes and the relation of some of it’s with their final hosts in southern of Iraq. Ph. D. Thesis, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah: 336pp. (In Arabic, English abstract).
  4. Ali, A. H., Adday, T. K., & Khamees, N. R. (2018). Catalogue of marine fishes of Iraq. Biological and Applied Environmental Research, 2(2), 298-368.
  5. Al-Salim, N. K., & Ali, A. H. (2010). Description of eight nematode species of the genus Hysterothylacium Ward et Magath, 1917 parasitized in some Iraqi marine fishes. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 23(Spec. Issue 2), 115-137.
  6. Al-Salim, N. K., & Ali, A. H. (2011). First record of three nematode species parasitized some marine fishes in Iraq. Journal of Basrah Research (Sci.), 37(4E), 17-26.
  7. Bannai, M. A. A. (2017). The parasites Monascus sp. (Fellodistomidae) and Helicometrina nimia Linton, 1910 (Opecoelidae) Digenea of Pampus argenteus and greasy grouper Epinephelus tauvina (Forsskål, 1775) (Teleostei: Serranidae) fishes, Arabian Gulf, new host and new geographical records. International Journal of Marine Science, 7(10), 88-94.
  8. Carpenter, K. E., Krupp, F., Jones, D. A., & Zajonz, U. (1997). The living marine resources of Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes, FAO, Rome: viii + 293pp. + XVII pls.
  9. http://www.fao.org/3/v8729e/v8729e00.htm
  10. Domingues, M. V., & Boeger, W. A. (2008). Phylogeny and revision of Diplectanidae Monticelli, 1903 (Platyhelminthes: Monogenoidea). Zootaxa, 1698, 1-40. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.180750
  11. El-Naffar, M. K. I., Gobashy, A., El-Etreby, S. G., & Kardousha, M. M. (1992). General survey of helminth parasite genera of Arabian Gulf fishes (coasts of United Arab Emirates). Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research, 10, 99-110.
  12. https://www.cabi.org/ISC/abstract/19940804132
  13. Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N., & Van der Laan, R. (Editors.) (2022). ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: GENERA, SPECIES, REFERENCES.
  14. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp. Electronic version accessed 27/6/ 2022.
  15. Froese, R., & D. Pauly, D. Editors. (2022). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.
  16. www.fishbase.org, version (02/2022).
  17. Hassan, M. A., Osman, H. A. M., Aswathan, M., Al-Shwared, W.A., & Fita, N. A. (2015). Infestation of cage-cultured marine fish with Benedenia acanthopagri (Monogenea; Capsalidae) in Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Global Veterinaria. 14, 219-227.
  18. Heemstra, P. C., & Randall, J. E. (1993). FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synopsis, 125(16), 382 pp.
  19. https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=XF9437953
  20. Humason, G. L. (1979). Animal Tissue Techniques. 4th ed. W. H. Freeman and company, San Francisco, California. 661pp.
  21. Hussey, C. G. (1986). Some monogenean parasites of marine perciform fishes of Kuwait, Journal of Natural History, 20(2), 415-430
  22. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938600770311
  23. Jassim, A.-A. R., & Al-Salim, N. K. (2020). Lamellodiscus iraqensis Sp. Nov. (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) from gills of Acanthopagrus arabicus (Teleostei: Sparidae) from Iraqi Marine Waters. Biological and Applied Environmental Research. 4(1), 1-6.
  24. Justine J.-L. (2007). Species of Calydiscoides Young, 1969 (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) from lethrinid fishes, with the redescription of all of the type-specimens and the description of C. euzeti n. sp. from Lethrinus rubrioperculatus and L. xanthochilus off New Caledonia. Systematic Parasitology, 67, 187.209.
  25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-006-9087-x
  26. Justine, J.-L., & Brena, P. F. (2009). Calydiscoides limae sp. nov. (Monogenea, Diplectanidae) from Pentapodus aureofasciatus (Perciformes, Nemipteridae) off New Caledonia. Acta Parasitologica, 54, 22-27.
  27. https://doi.org/10.2478/s11686-009-0009-3
  28. Kardousha, M. M. (2002). Monogenea of Arabian Gulf fishes. 1. Descriptions of three Capsala spp. (Capsalidae) including Capsala naffari n. sp. infecting mackerel tuna Euthynnus affinis from coasts of Emirates. Parasitology international, 51(4), 327-335.
  29. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1383-5769(02)00033-8
  30. Kardousha, M. M., Al-Ansi, M. A., & Al-Khayat, J. A. (2002). Monogenea of Arabian Gulf Fishes 3. Encotyllabe spari and E. kuwaitensis (Capsalidae) from Qatari Waters. Rivista Di Parasitologia, 19(63) N. 33.
  31. http://hdl.handle.net/10576/5231
  32. Kritsky, D. C. (2012). Dactylogyrids (Monogenoidea: Polyonchoinea) parasitising the gills of snappers (Perciformes: Lutjanidae): revision of Euryhaliotrema with new and previously described species from the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, the eastern and Indo-west Pacific Ocean, and the Gulf of Mexico. Zoologia, 29, 227-276.
  33. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-46702012000300006
  34. Kritsky, D. C., Ali, A. H., & Khamees, N. R. (2013). Gyrodactylus aff. mugili Zhukov, 1970 (Monogenoidea: Gyrodactylidae) from the gill lamellae of mullets (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) collected from the fresh and brackish waters of southern Iraq. Folia Parasitologica, 60(5), 441-447. https://doi.org/10.14411/fp.2013.047
  35. Kritsky, D. C., Jiménez-Ruiz, F. A., & Sey, O. (2000). Diplectanids (Monogenoidea: Dactylogyridea) from the gills of marine fishes of the Persian Gulf off Kuwait. Comparative Parasitology, 67, 145-164.
  36. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Diplectanids-(Monogenoidea%3A-Dactylogyridea)-from-of-Kritsky-Jim%C3%A9nez-Ruiz/399c084c74fcc68e9cdfde3c5aa4d8cd4e482836
  37. Kritsky, D. C., Leiby, P. D., & Kayton, R. J. (1978). A rapid stain technique for the haptoral bars of Gyrodactylus species (Monogenea). Journal of Parasitology, 64, 172-174.
  38. https://doi.org/10.2307/3279642
  39. Mhaisen, F. T., Ali, A. H., & Khamees, N. R. (2018). Marine fish parasitology of Iraq: A review and checklists. Biological Applied Environmental Research, 2(2), 231-297.
  40. Moravec, F., & Ali, A. H. (2014). Additional observations on Philometra spp. (Nematoda: Philometridae) in marine fishes off Iraq, with the description of two new species. Systematic Parasitology, 87(3), 259-271.
  41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-014-9475-6
  42. Oliver, G. (1984). Quelques espèces du Genre Calydiscoides Young (Monogenea, Monopisthocotylea, Diplectanidae), parasites de Perciformes du Récif de la Grande Barrière (Australie). Zoologica Scripta, 13, 189-193. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.1984.tb00035.x
  43. Palm, H. W. (2004). The Trypanorhyncha Diesing, 1863. PKSPL-IPB Press, Bogor, x + 710pp.
  44. https://www.nhbs.com/the-trypanorhyncha-diesing-1863-book
  45. Pur Ebrahim, M., Abd Ol-Hossein, D., Siyavash, S., & Ali, Y. (1999). Study of gill monogenea in superior quality fish in Persian Gulf. Bushehr Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, 105pp.
  46. https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=IR2015001404
  47. Randall, J. E., & Heemstra, P. C. (1991). Revision of Indo-Pacific groupers (Perciformes: Serranidae: Epinephelinae), with descriptions of five new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (20), 332pp.
  48. https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/654956
  49. Randall, J. E., Downing, N., McCarthy, L. J., Stanaland, B. E., & Tarr, A. B. (1994). Fifty-one new records of fishes from the Arabian Gulf. Fauna of Saudia Arabia, 14, 220-258.
  50. Rascalou, G., & Justine, J.-L. (2007). Three species of Calydiscoides (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) from five Lethrinus spp. (Lethrinidae: Perciformes) off New Caledonia, with a description of Calydiscoides terpsichore sp. n. Folia Parasitologica, 54(3), 191-202.
  51. https://doi.org/10.14411/fp.2007.026
  52. Rohde, K., Hayward, C., & Heap, M. (1995). Aspects of the ecology of metazoan ectoparasites of marine fishes. International Journal for Parasitology, 25, 945-970.
  53. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(95)00015-T
  54. Rohde, K., Hayward, C., Heap, M., & Gosper, D. (1994). A tropical assemblage of ectoparasites: Gill and head parasites of Lethrinus miniatus (Teleostei, Lethrinidae). International Journal for Parasitology, 24, 1031-1053.
  55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7519(94)90169-4
  56. Uyeno, D., & Ali, A. H. (2013). Parasitic copepods from two species of commercial fishes collected off Iraq, with description of Hatschekia shari n. sp. Systematic Parasitology, 86(3), 301-312.
  57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-013-9446-3
  58. WoRMS (2022). Calydiscoides difficilis (Yamaguti, 1953) Young, 1969. Accessed at:
  59. https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=518318 on 2022-07-05.
  60. Yamaguti, S. (1953). Parasitic worms mainly from Celebes. Part 2. Monogenetic trematodes of fishes. Acta Medicinae Okayama, 8, 203-256.
  61. http://doi.org/10.18926/AMO/31878
  62. Young, P. C. (1969). Some monogenoideans of the family Diplectanidae Bychowsky, 1957 from Australian teleost fishes. Journal of Helminthology, 43, 223-254.
  63. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X00004053
  64. Young, P. C. (1970). The species of Monogenoidea recorded from Australian fishes and notes on their zoogeography. Anales del Instituto de Biologı´a, Universidad Nacional Auto´noma de Me´xico, Serie Zoologı´a, 41(1), 163-176.

Most read articles by the same author(s)